The maturation process of fermented organic fertilizer is a messy process, and it is necessary to control some primary influencing factors in order to achieve outstanding compost results. They are moisture, carbon nitrogen ratio (C/N), oxygen content, temperature and pH, etc. These factors determine the intensity of microbial activity and then affect the speed and quality of the fermentation of organic fertilizer.
1, water content In the process of fermentation of organic fertilizer, whether the water is appropriate directly affects the fermentation speed and degree of maturation of fermented organic fertilizer, so water content is one of the key elements of aerobic fermentation of organic fertilizer.
2. The change of carbon nitrogen ratio of fermented organic fertilizer materials has special meaning in fermented organic fertilizer. In the process of fermentation organic fertilizer, about 2/3 of carbon is discharged as carbon dioxide due to the oxidation effect in the process of microbial innovation, and about 1/3 is used for the composition of cytoplasm. Therefore, carbon is the driving force and heat source of the fermentation process, known as the driving force of microorganisms (cells), and nitrogen is mainly used for the composition of cell protoplasm and remains in the system. The ratio of carbon to nitrogen is an important factor in the nutrient requirements of microorganisms. Microbial growth requires carbon sources, protein composition requires nitrogen sources, microbial composition of a protein requires about 30 parts of carbon.
3, oxygen content gas supply is one of the important factors for the success of aerobic fermentation organic fertilizer. The effect of gas supply mainly has three aspects, the first is to supply oxygen to the microorganisms in the reactor body, so that the biochemical reaction can proceed smoothly, so as to achieve the intention of improving the reactor layer temperature. Second, adjust the temperature. Fermentation of organic fertilizer requires high temperature caused by microbial response, however, fermentation of organic fertilizer is necessary to prevent long-term high temperature, in the limit case, the pile temperature can rise to 80℃ to 90℃, which will seriously affect the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. Therefore, when the temperature of fermented organic fertilizer rises to the peak in the future, the conditioning of oxygen supply is mainly to control the temperature, that is, after increasing the air supply, relying on water transpiration to take away the heat, so that the pile temperature decreases. Third, remove the water. In the later stage of fermentation of organic fertilizer, air ventilation should be increased to cool the fermented organic fertilizer and take away water to achieve the intention of reducing the volume and weight of the fermented organic fertilizer.
4, temperature fermentation organic fertilizer as a biological system, it is different from the non-biological system. For abiotic systems, the rate of response is directly related to temperature, and the higher the temperature, the faster the response rate. Therefore, temperature is the reflection of microbial activity in the fermentation organic fertilizer system, and is an important factor affecting microbial activity and the technical process of fermentation organic fertilizer. The suitable temperature is to ensure that the fermentation of organic fertilizer can proceed smoothly and obtain high quality fermented organic fertilizer products.
5, PH value In the process of fermentation of organic fertilizer, PH value is also an important factor. However, the change of pH value is affected by the materials and conditions of fermentation of organic fertilizer. Generally speaking, the PH between 3 and 12 can be fermented organic fertilizer. pH value is a parameter that can evaluate the microbial environment. In the whole process of fermentation of organic fertilizer, pH value changes with the change of time and temperature. Therefore, pH value is also an excellent symbol to remind fermented organic fertilizer differentiation process. The suitable pH value can make the microorganisms play their effect effectively, so that the fermentation process of organic fertilizer can proceed smoothly.
